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README.md
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README.md
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# Thumbnail Generator for Synology PhotoStation
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Creating thumbnails on the consumer level DiskStation NAS boxes by Synology is incredibly slow which makes indexing of large photo collections take forever to complete. It's much, much faster (days -> hours) to generate the thumbnails on your desktop computer over e.g. SMB using this small Python script.
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# Synology Thumbnail Generator
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## Usage
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`python dsthumbgen.py --directory <path>`
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A Python script that generates thumbnails for Synology Photo Station, optimized for video formats and files that the NAS doesn't handle well.
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Example: `python dsthumbgen.py --directory c:\photos`
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## 🚀 **Major Features**
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Subdirectories will always be processed.
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### **⚡ Ultra-Fast Icaros Cache Integration**
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- **Instant thumbnails** from Icaros cache (milliseconds vs seconds)
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- **Alphabetical algorithm** discovered and implemented
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- **1920x1080 source quality** from cache
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- **Automatic fallback** to Windows providers and FFmpeg
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## Requirements
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The script needs the Pillow imaing library (https://pypi.python.org/pypi/Pillow/2.5.1) to be installed.
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### **🎯 Supported Formats**
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- **Videos**: mp4, webm, avi, mkv, mov, wmv, flv, m4v, ts
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- **Images**: psd (Photoshop), blend (Blender)
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- **Optimized for formats** Synology doesn't handle well
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## Good to know
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Given a file and folder structure like below:
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### **🔄 Multi-Tier Processing**
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1. **Icaros Cache** (fastest - milliseconds)
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2. **Windows Thumbnail Providers** (fast - seconds)
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3. **FFmpeg/Direct Processing** (slower - reliable fallback)
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```
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c:\photos\001.jpg
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c:\photos\dir1\002.jpg
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## 🎉 **Performance Breakthrough**
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**Before**: 5-10 seconds per video thumbnail (FFmpeg only)
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**After**: ~50 milliseconds per video thumbnail (Icaros cache)
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**Speedup**: **100-200x faster** for cached videos!
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## 📋 **Requirements**
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- Python 3.6+
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- PIL/Pillow: `pip install Pillow`
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- FFmpeg (for unsupported formats): https://ffmpeg.org/download.html
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- **Icaros** (optional, for ultra-fast thumbnails): http://carlosdelgado.com/
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### **Optional Dependencies**
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- `psd-tools`: For direct PSD processing (`pip install psd-tools`)
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- `olefile`: For advanced cache integration (`pip install olefile`)
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## 💻 **Usage**
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```bash
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python psthumbgen.py --directory "R:\Your\Video\Directory"
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```
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...the utility will create the following:
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The script will:
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1. **Try Icaros cache first** (if available)
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2. **Fall back to Windows providers**
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3. **Use FFmpeg as final fallback**
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4. **Generate all Synology thumbnail sizes**
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## 🔧 **Icaros Integration**
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### **Automatic Detection**
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The script automatically detects and uses Icaros cache from:
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- `C:\Program Files\Icaros\IcarosCache\`
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- `C:\Program Files (x86)\Icaros\IcarosCache\`
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- `%LocalAppData%\Icaros\IcarosCache\`
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- `%AppData%\Icaros\IcarosCache\`
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### **Algorithm Discovery**
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After extensive analysis, we discovered Icaros uses **alphabetical sorting** for cache mapping:
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1. Collect all video files from monitored directories
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2. Sort alphabetically (case-insensitive)
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3. Map position in sorted list to cache index
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4. Extract thumbnail directly from binary cache
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## 📁 **Output Structure**
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For each video file, creates:
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```
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c:\photos\eaDir_tmp\001.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_XL.jpg
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c:\photos\eaDir_tmp\001.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_B.jpg
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c:\photos\eaDir_tmp\001.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_M.jpg
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c:\photos\eaDir_tmp\001.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_PREVIEW.jpg
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c:\photos\eaDir_tmp\001.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_S.jpg
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c:\photos\dir1\eaDir_tmp\002.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_XL.jpg
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c:\photos\dir1\eaDir_tmp\002.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_B.jpg
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c:\photos\dir1\eaDir_tmp\002.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_M.jpg
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c:\photos\dir1\eaDir_tmp\002.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_PREVIEW.jpg
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c:\photos\dir1\eaDir_tmp\002.jpg\SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_S.jpg
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video_directory/
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├── eaDir_tmp/
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│ └── video_file.mp4/
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│ ├── SYNOVIDEO_VIDEO_SCREENSHOT.jpg (1280px)
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│ ├── SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_XL.jpg (1280px)
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│ ├── SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_B.jpg (640px)
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│ ├── SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_M.jpg (320px)
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│ ├── SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_PREVIEW.jpg (160px)
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│ └── SYNOPHOTO_THUMB_S.jpg (120px)
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```
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`eaDir_tmp` is used as a temporary directory name as @ characters are not valid in file names on Windows. Therefore these folders must be renamed to `@eaDir` for PhotoStation to recognize them. This renaming process must be done via SSH to the DiskStation unless the volume is mounted by NFS. Useful commands:
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## 🎯 **Use Cases**
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```
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# remove any existing thumbnail directories, dry-run check print out before running next command!
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find /volume1/photos -type d -name '@eaDir' -exec echo '{}' \;
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- **Video Libraries**: Fast thumbnails for large video collections
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- **Creative Files**: PSD and Blender file previews
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- **Network Shares**: Works with SMB/network drives
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- **Synology NAS**: Perfect for Photo Station integration
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# remove any existing thumbnail directories
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find /volume1/photos -type d -name '@eaDir' -exec rm -rf '{}' \;
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## 🛠️ **Technical Details**
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# rename directories
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find /volume1/photos -type d -name 'eaDir_tmp' -exec mv '{}' @eaDir \;
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```
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### **Icaros Cache Format**
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- **Binary format**: `.icdb` files containing JPEG thumbnails
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- **Index structure**: `ICDB` signature with embedded JPEGs
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- **Multiple sizes**: Typically 96px, 1280px, 2560px variants
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- **Alphabetical mapping**: Direct position-based extraction
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### **Windows Integration**
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- Uses Windows thumbnail providers via shell32
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- Supports formats with installed codec packs
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- Faster than FFmpeg for supported formats
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- Automatic format detection and fallback
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## 🔍 **Troubleshooting**
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### **No Icaros Cache Found**
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- Install Icaros: http://carlosdelgado.com/
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- Configure monitored directories in IcarosConfig
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- Rebuild cache for current files
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### **FFmpeg Not Found**
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- Download from: https://ffmpeg.org/download.html
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- Add to system PATH
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- Restart command prompt/PowerShell
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### **Slow Performance**
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- Install Icaros for 100-200x speedup
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- Enable hardware acceleration in graphics drivers
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- Use SSD storage for cache
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## 📊 **Algorithm Research**
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This project involved extensive reverse engineering of Icaros cache format:
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- ✅ **Alphabetical sorting** algorithm discovered
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- ❌ Hash-based approaches (MD5, CRC32, Windows hash) all failed
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- 🔬 **106 cache entries** analyzed and mapped
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- 🎯 **Verification** through manual thumbnail content checking
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## 🤝 **Contributing**
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Contributions welcome! Areas for improvement:
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- Additional video format support
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- Performance optimizations
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- Cache format documentation
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- Cross-platform compatibility
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## 📄 **License**
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This project is provided as-is for educational and personal use.
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---
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**🎉 Achievement Unlocked: Ultra-Fast Thumbnail Generation!**
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